Restoring from a RAID drive failure in Ubuntu

One inevitable outcome when working with multiple RAID arrays is that you are going to encounter drive failure at some point, no matter how well you prepare. Luckily, when it comes to Ubuntu, the process to replace a failed drive is not terribly difficult.  You’ve probably arrived here because you already have a RAID array with a failed drive in it, and you’re looking for a tutorial to replace it.  So this tutorial is written for people running Ubuntu, already with an mdadm RAID-1 array set up and running.

Replacing a failed drive in a RAID array is fairly straightforward, provided they're not engulfed in flames.

One possible cause of hard drive failure

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